Lúa mạch đen (hắc mạch, bo bo)

Nhóm cây :	Cây thân thảo, Cây thực phẩm
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Tags: Lúa mạch đen,hắc mạch,bo bo,bobo,secale cereale,rye,cây ngũ cốc,cây lương thực,họ hòa thảo,họ lúa,họ cỏ,poaceae
Có thể bạn sẽ thích : Lan vảy rồng Cây bùm sụm Hoa mãn đình hồng ( Thục Quỳ ) Rau muống Cỏ xoắn ốc
Xem: Hỏi đáp, đố vui, truyện cười - ngụ ngôn

Lúa mạch đen hay Hắc mạch, hay Bo bo (thời bao cấp) tên khoa học Secale cereale, là một loài cỏ phát triển rộng khắp, thuộc họ hòa thảo, hay họ lúa, họ cỏ (Poaceae), cây có vai trò là một loại lương thực, một loại cây trồng phủ đất và thức ăn gia súc. Nó là một loài trong bộ Triticeae và có quan hệ gần gũi với lúa mạch và lúa mì. Hạt của hắc mạch được dùng làm bột, bánh mì, bia, bánh mì giòn, một số loại ruợu whisky hay vodka và rơm cho gia súc ăn. Hạt của nó có thể ăn hoàn toàn, bằng cách luộc hoặc xay nát như yến mạch.

Lúa mạch đen, hay hắc mạch, bo bo (rye) là một loại ngũ cốc. Trong tiếng Anh cần tránh nhầm rye với ryegrass vốn nghĩa là bãi cỏ, cỏ khô cho gia súc ăn.

Lúa mạch đen là một trong những loài thực vật hoang dại ở miền trung, miền đông Thổ Nhĩ Kì và các vùng lân cận. Hắc mạch đã đuợc thuần hóa với số lượng nhỏ ở một vài vị trí con người sinh sống (thời đồ đá mới), tại bán đảo Tiểu Á (Thổ Nhĩ Kì). Ví dụ khu di khảo PPNB (Pre-Pottery Neolithic B) và Can Hasan III. Nhưng điều này hầu như vắng bóng trong các tài liệu khảo cổ mãi đến thời đồ đồng ở Trung Âu, khoảng năm 1800–1500 TCN. Có thể lúa mạch đen là đã "di cư" từ vùng Tiểu Á (tức Thổ Nhĩ Kì) về phía Tây rồi "gia nhập" vào loài lúa mì theo kiểu Tiến hóa bắt chuớc và chỉ sau này mới đuợc trồng theo đúng nghĩa.

10 nước sản xuất lúa mạch đen hàng đầu - 2005	(Triệu tấn)
Nga	3,6
Ba Lan	3,4
Đức	2,8
Belarus	1,2
Ukraina	1,1
Trung Quốc	0,6
Canada	0,4
Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ	0,3
Hoa Kỳ	0,2
Áo	0,2
Tổng cộng	13.3
Nguồn: FAO

Hình ảnh cây lúa mạch đen (hắc mạch, bo bo):

Lúa mạch đen,hắc mạch,bo bo,bobo,secale cereale,rye,cây ngũ cốc,cây lương thực,họ hòa thảo,họ lúa,họ cỏ,poaceae

Cánh đồng lúa mạch đen (hắc mạch, bobo)

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Tags: Lúa mạch đen,hắc mạch,bo bo,bobo,secale cereale,rye,cây ngũ cốc,cây lương thực,họ hòa thảo,họ lúa,họ cỏ,poaceae

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